The tooth fairy is a welcome guest for any child who has lost a tooth. Not only will the fairy leave a small gift under the child’s pillow, but they be assured of a replacement tooth in a few months. Unfortunately, the scenario is quite different for adults grappling with a loss of teeth. Luckily, there may be some hope thanks to a new study performed by scientists at Kyoto University and the University of Fukui.
A dental breakthrough
While the typical adult mouth houses 32 teeth, approximately 1% of the population exhibits variations of them, either possessing more or fewer teeth due to congenital conditions. Researchers have delved into the genetic factors behind cases of excessive teeth, seeking valuable insights into the potential regeneration of teeth in adults. This study is the first to show that monoclonal antibodies can help regrow teeth. It suggests a new way to treat a dental problem that currently requires implants and other artificial solutions.
A bit of science
The research team disclosed that an antibody targeting a specific gene, known as uterine sensitization-associated gene-1 (USAG-1), can induce tooth development in mice affected by tooth agenesis, a congenital condition. The findings were published in the journal, Science Advances.
As per Katsu Takahashi, a senior lecturer at the Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine and one of the principal contributors to the study, the essential molecules crucial for the development of teeth have already been pinpointed. “The morphogenesis of individual teeth depends on the interactions of several molecules including BMP, or bone morphogenetic protein, and Wnt signaling,” says Takahashi.
On April 13, 2021, the University of Kyoto posted its first pic of newly-grown teeth in mice.
BMP and Wnt are involved in more than just tooth development; they affect the growth of organs and tissues early in the body’s development. Because drugs affecting them directly might have broad side effects, scientists are cautious. To find a potentially safer method, researchers focused on the gene USAG-1, thinking that aiming at factors countering BMP and Wnt specifically in tooth development could be more precise.
“We knew that suppressing USAG-1 benefits tooth growth. What we did not know was whether it would be enough,” added Takahashi.
The first results
Scientists looked at how different monoclonal antibodies affect USAG-1. Monoclonal antibodies are often used to treat things like cancer and arthritis and for making vaccines. Tests with this antibody showed that BMP signaling is crucial for deciding the number of teeth in mice. Also, just one treatment was enough to grow a whole tooth. Further tests confirmed these positive results in ferrets too.
“Ferrets are diphyodont animals with similar dental patterns to humans. Our next plan is to test the antibodies on other animals, such as pigs and dogs,” explained Takahashi.
Fully regrown frontal teeth in ferrets
The next steps
Now, scientists are going to test the drug on healthy adults. If that goes well, the team plans to try it on kids aged 2 to 6 with a rare tooth problem called anodontia, a genetic disorder defined as the absence of all teeth. These kids will get one shot of the drug to see if it makes their teeth grow. If everything works out, the medicine might be approved by 2030.
Takahashi sees the new medicine as an additional choice for individuals who are missing some or all of their teeth.
“The idea of growing new teeth is every dentist’s dream,” Takahashi told the Japanese newspaper, The Mainichi in June this year. “I’ve been working on this since I was a graduate student. I was confident I’d be able to make it happen.”
So hopefully, by the year 2030, humans will get a chance to have their third generation of teeth grown and say goodbye to implants. Until then, make sure to keep your teeth strong and healthy — this article will help you with that.
Preview photo credit KyotoU_News / Twitter
Clint Eastwood heartbroken by his family at age ninety-four. Fans are now in disbelief
The iconic actor’s daughter, Kathryn Eastwood, stirs up controversy on social media with an outburst.
At Clint Eastwood’s daughter Morgan Eastwood’s wedding in Carmel, California, over the weekend, a joyful celebration swiftly descended into an emotional maelstrom. Family strife that erupted during the event at Clint’s opulent house was a social media mess.
Another of Clint’s daughters, Kathryn Eastwood, shared a heartwarming video of herself dancing with her father, who is 94 years old. Her caption, “Had to dance with my dad for 50 f**king seconds before we were interrupted,” however, indicated underlying tensions. Kathryn began expressing her feelings publicly on the internet with this post, which was just the start of her online outburst over her family.
“I had to break up with my sister Morgan after her wedding because she’s so concerned with her reputation that she called me ‘insane’ online for the world to hear,” Kathryn said in a particularly emotional post that included Morgan. My capacity to become a mother and have children has been hampered by this, so I need to guard against this monster’s image-driven behavior to spare myself more grief.
Amid a family dispute, Dina Eastwood threatens to file a lawsuit.
When Dina, Kathryn’s stepmother and Clint’s ex-wife, threatened to take legal action if Kathryn didn’t take down the offensive posts, things got out of hand.
“I will give you until tomorrow morning, then I will use the money I stole from your father in your words and file a lawsuit against you,” Dina declared. In a defiant response, Kathryn called Dina a “gold digger” and implied that her fears about inheritance were the source of her actions.
Rather than back off, Kathryn called Morgan “the cruelest most shallow superficial woman I have ever known,” ratcheting up her insults.
What was supposed to be a happy event has been clouded by this well publicized family fight. With his aging and palpably fragile appearance, Clint Eastwood and his normally private family are becoming the focus of intense media scrutiny.
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